Effectiveness of Combined Effleurage Massage and Lavender Aromatherapy in Reducing Back Pain Among Third-Trimester Pregnant Women
Main Article Content
Risty Nurdianty
Armiyanti
Maulida Lathifah
Background: Back pain is common in the third trimester and may interfere with mobility, sleep, and maternal comfort. Combining effleurage massage with lavender aromatherapy offers a non-pharmacological approach through tactile stimulation and olfactory relaxation. Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of combined effleurage massage and lavender aromatherapy in reducing back-pain intensity among third-trimester pregnant women. Methods: A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control-group study included 56 participants recruited by consecutive sampling and alternately allocated to intervention and control groups, with 28 participants per group. The intervention group received three 15-minute combined sessions on days 1, 3, and 5. Pain intensity was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale. Wilcoxon signed-rank, Mann-Whitney U, and Spearman correlation tests were used. Results: Median pain in the intervention group decreased from 5 to 2 (p<0.001), whereas the control group decreased from 4.5 to 3.5 without statistical significance (p=0.083). Pain reduction differed significantly between groups (p<0.001). Age (p=0.988) and parity (p=0.934) were not associated with pain reduction. Conclusion: The combination of effleurage massage and lavender aromatherapy was effective in reducing back-pain intensity among third-trimester pregnant women.
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