Effect of Health Education on Pregnant Women's Knowledge of Physical Environmental Factors Related to Stunting
Main Article Content
Helmida Astriawati Fauziyah
Yulia Herliani
Background: Physical environmental conditions, including sanitation, clean water, indoor pollutants, cooking-fuel smoke, and residential conditions, may contribute to infection and nutritional problems associated with stunting. Pregnant women are an important target for preventive education because stunting prevention begins before birth. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of health education on pregnant women's knowledge of physical environmental factors related to stunting. Methods: A quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design was used. One hundred pregnant women were selected by purposive sampling from a population of 134. Participants completed a knowledge questionnaire before a one-hour health education session using a presentation and leaflet, and the posttest was administered seven days later. Data were analyzed using a paired-samples t-test after normality was confirmed. Results: The mean knowledge score increased from 18.39 (SD 3.55; range 10-25) before education to 21.75 (SD 2.54; range 14-25) after education, with a mean increase of 3.36 points. The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Health education using presentation and leaflet media was associated with higher knowledge scores among pregnant women regarding physical environmental factors related to stunting. Repeated education may be considered within antenatal health promotion, while controlled studies are needed to strengthen causal evidence.
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